The Multi-species Action Plan for African-Eurasian Vultures (Vulture MsAP) was adopted at CMS COP12 in October 2017 and suggests appropriate actions to halt and eventually reverse the declines in populations of Old-World vulture species across the flyways. Its implementation framework recommends that the Vulture MsAP be reviewed six years into its 12-year implementation timeframe that will conclude in 2029.

In April 2023, the CMS Raptors MOU contracted the drafting partners of the Vulture MsAP to conduct a Mid-term Implementation Review (MTIR), to assess the scale of implementation across the range halfway through the implementation timeframe of the Vulture MsAP.

This document presents the findings of the MTIR process, which are based on feedback gathered from 106 respondents across the Vulture MsAP range. The feedback was collected through questionnaires, follow-up interviews and a review of reports and other relevant literature.